Each (of), every, all

EACH OF:

"Each (of)" is used to refer to individual items or people within a group, highlighting the distinctness of each element. It emphasizes the separate consideration of each part. Here's how it works:

1. Singular Nouns: When using "each" with singular nouns, the verb is singular too.

   - Each student is responsible for their own project.

   - Each car needs to be inspected before the race.

2. Plural Nouns: When referring to plural nouns with "each," the verb might be either singular or plural, depending on the context.

 - Each of the students is responsible for their own project. (Emphasizing individual responsibility)

Every:

"Every" is used to talk about all the members of a group as a whole. It is used with singular nouns and takes a singular verb.

- Every student needs to submit their assignment by Friday.

- Every house on the street has a unique design.

All:

"All" is used to refer to the entire quantity or group without exception. It can be used with both plural and uncountable nouns, and the verb agrees with the noun it refers to.

1. Plural Nouns:

   - All the students are excited about the field trip.

   - All the books were neatly arranged on the shelves.

2. Uncountable Nouns:

   - All the water in the jug has been spilled.

   - She drank all the milk.

Comparison:

- Each vs. Every: Both emphasize individual items, but "each" often implies looking at them one by one, while "every" implies collectively.

- Each vs. All: "Each" focuses on individuality, while "all" emphasizes the entirety of a group.

- Every vs. All: "Every" emphasizes each member, while "all" emphasizes the entire group.

Usage Notes:

1. Each of vs. Every: "Each of" is followed by a plural noun or a pronoun. "Every" is followed by a singular noun.

   - Each of the students has a book. (Correct)

   - Every of the students has a book. (Incorrect)

2. Each vs. Every with Time Expressions: "Each" is often used with specific time expressions, while "every" is used with more general ones.

   - He visits his grandparents every Sunday.

   - He visits his grandparents each week on Sunday.

Remember, the choice between "each (of)," "every," and "all" depends on the context and what you want to emphasize in your sentence. Each of these terms has its nuances and can subtly change the focus of your statement.