Unless, as long as, provided, otherwise

UNLESS:

"Unless" is used to express a condition that must be met for a particular outcome to happen. It introduces a negative condition. The main clause will only occur if the condition stated in the dependent clause is not fulfilled.

Example:

I won't go to the party unless my friends are also going. (The main clause "I won't go to the party" will only happen if the condition "my friends are also going" is not fulfilled.)

AS LONG AS:

"As long as" is used to express a condition that must be continuously fulfilled in order to maintain a particular outcome. It introduces a positive condition. The main clause will happen if the condition stated in the dependent clause continues to be true.

Example:

You can stay up late as long as you finish your homework. (The main clause "You can stay up late" will happen as long as the condition "you finish your homework" continues to be true.)

PROVIDED:

"Provided" is used to express a condition that, if fulfilled, allows for a particular outcome to happen. It introduces a positive condition. The main clause will occur if the condition stated in the dependent clause is fulfilled.

Example:

You can borrow my car, provided you return it by tomorrow. (The main clause "You can borrow my car" will happen if the condition "you return it by tomorrow" is fulfilled.)

OTHERWISE:

"Otherwise" is used to indicate the consequence that will occur if the condition stated in the dependent clause is not fulfilled. It introduces an alternative or contrasting outcome.

Example:

Study hard; otherwise, you won't pass the exam. (The consequence "you won't pass the exam" will occur if the condition of studying hard is not fulfilled.)

It's important to note that all of these words and phrases are conjunctions and are used to connect clauses in a sentence. They help express conditions, consequences, or alternatives in a clear and concise manner.